Translation into ECTS gradesThe ECTS grading scale was developed as a spin-off product of the ECTS student mobility pilot scheme in the late 1980’s - early 1990’s. Examination and assessment results are usually expressed in grades. However, many different grading systems co-exist in Europe. The ECTS grading scale has thus been developed in order to help institutions translate the grades awarded to exchange students. ECTS provides information on the student’s academic performance additional to that provided by the institution’s grades. It does not replace the local grade. It just explains the student’s performance by comparing his/her results to that of his/her peers. ECTS grade | Percentage of passing students | Definition | A | top 10% | Excellent – outstanding performance with only minor errors. | B | next 25% | Very good – above the average standard but with some errors. | C | next 30% | Good – generally good work with a number of notable errors. | D | next 25% | Satisfactory – - fair but with significant shortcomings. | E | next 10% | Sufficient – - passable performance, meeting the minimum criteria. | FX | - | Fail - some work required before the credit can be awarded | F | - | Fail - considerable further work is required |
It should be noted that only percentages of passing students are considered, and that higher education institutions make their own decisions on how to apply the ECTS grading scale to their own system.
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