Potravnyi Ivan, Department for Environmental Economics, Russian Plekhanov Academy of Economics, Moscow
Tarasova Valentina, Head of the Environmnetal Department of the Sea Port Nahodka,
Stolyarov Sergei, Ecology Committiee of the State Duma, the Independent Center of the Medical and Ecological Studies

The environmental management and the eco-efficiency assessment of the enterprize with use of the eco-auditing procedure

The progress of the environmnetal economics is based on a combination of the market instruments and administrative regulation in the environmeòtal sphere. The 10-years experience of the development of environmental policy in Russia proves unsufficiencey of the dominating economic (market) approach (the natural resources payments, the environmental damage compensation, so on) with failed expectations of its self-controlled character. It in turn makes important the development and support of the system of environmnetal reglamentation of the economic activity (the licensing, the environmental impact assessment, the environmental control, the standartization, the normative activity, the environmental certification, so on).

For the recent years in Russia there has been intensively developed an eco-auditing. This activity is based on the international standards ISO 14 000. The development of eco-auditing procedure for example for the purpose of environmental certification of commercial products gains major importance under conditions of the integration of Russia into the international system of environmental security and world trade (WTO,GATT).

The state standard 14031 (GOST R ISO 14301-2001) “Environmental management. assessment of the environmental efficiency” is based on the application of the eco-auditing procedure to control those activities, products and services with significant impact on the environment. As an object of study there can be chosen an enterprize, a territory, an ecosystem (recreational, mining site and water objects), a sea port, etc.

The assessment of environmental efficiency is an internal process and a regulating instrument used for suport of the decision-makers with the reliable information confirmed by the operational checking. It can be used for the appropriateness control of the organization of the environmental activity of the entertprize to a set of criterias fixed by the heades of an enterprize.

The organizations provided with the environmnetal management system are assessed through the eco-auditing procedure in respect of complience of their policy to targets, indicators, and other eco-efficiency criteria.

In this way the aasessment of eco-efficiency of the production can help to identify the environmental aspects of the economic and other types of activities, to determine the most important points, to formulate the corresponding criteria of eco-efficiency with account of specific features of the auditing objects and to assess the complience of the eco-efficiency to those criteria.

In the process of eco-auditing of an enterprize the assessment of eco-efficiency of an industrial object is performed basing on the scheme “Planning – implementation - control - measures”.

The gained experience of the eco-auditing procedure in Russia (the stock-company “Plitspichprom”, Balabanovo, Kaluzskaya oblast; the cutting “Kedrovskiy”, Kemerovskaya oblast; eco-auditing of a city Dzerdzinsk, Nyzegorodskaya oblast, etc. ) proves a high efficiency of this instrument in the environmnetal sphere, representing a new direction of the environmental economics.